Peran manajemen risiko dalam meningkatkan kinerja bank di era transformasi digital: Sebuah systematic literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60036/jbm.1257Keywords:
Enterprise Risk Management, Transformasi Digital, Kinerja Bank, Digital Banking, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) dalam meningkatkan kinerja bank pada era transformasi digital melalui sintesis berbagai penelitian empiris yang telah dipublikasikan.
Desain/metodologi/pendekatan – Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Literatur diperoleh melalui basis data Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, dan Wiley Online Library menggunakan kata kunci yang berkaitan dengan enterprise risk management, bank performance, digital transformation, dan digital banking. Artikel yang dianalisis merupakan publikasi ilmiah tahun 2020–2025 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sehingga diperoleh 24 artikel sebagai bahan sintesis.
Temuan – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Enterprise Risk Management berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan efektivitas pengelolaan risiko, efisiensi operasional, kualitas tata kelola perusahaan, stabilitas keuangan, serta kepercayaan nasabah. Transformasi digital memberikan peluang bagi peningkatan kualitas layanan perbankan, namun pada saat yang sama meningkatkan risiko keamanan siber, risiko operasional digital, serta risiko teknologi informasi, sehingga penerapan ERM menjadi semakin penting.
Keterbatasan penelitian – Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan karena hanya menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur sehingga belum melakukan pengujian empiris terhadap data keuangan bank secara langsung.
Implikasi – Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen bank perlu mengintegrasikan Enterprise Risk Management dengan strategi transformasi digital untuk meningkatkan ketahanan organisasi serta keberlanjutan bisnis.
Kebaruan – Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penyusunan sintesis komprehensif yang mengintegrasikan hubungan antara Enterprise Risk Management, transformasi digital, dan peningkatan kinerja bank sehingga memberikan perspektif yang lebih utuh dibandingkan penelitian terdahulu yang umumnya hanya membahas hubungan antarvariabel secara parsial.
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