Welcome to the club! Studi etnografi tentang budaya kerja dan strategi koping pada karyawan kafe 24 jam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60036/jbm.1154Keywords:
Budaya Kerja, Coffee Shop, Emotional Labor, Etnografi Terfokus, Koping Kolektif, Kerja ShiftAbstract
Tujuan – Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi budaya kerja dan pembentukan strategi koping kolektif pada karyawan Kafe X, sebuah coffee shop yang beroperasi 24 jam di Yogyakarta.
Desain/metodologi/pendekatan – Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan etnografi terfokus (focused ethnography) selama tiga bulan (Juli–September 2025), menggabungkan 14 sesi observasi partisipatif lintas shift pagi, sore, malam, dan dini hari dengan wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur terhadap lima partisipan (satu manajer, satu barista, satu kasir, satu runner, dan satu pelanggan tetap). Data dianalisis secara tematik mengikuti enam fase Braun dan Clarke (2006), dengan verifikasi antar-koder oleh tiga peneliti.
Temuan – Tiga tema saling terkait muncul: (1) sumber tuntutan kerja pada operasional 24 jam; (2) "Welcome to the Club", keramahan (hospitality) sebagai identitas kolektif dan pengelola emosi; serta (3) relasi kerja suportif sebagai koping kolektif yang terdiri dari dimensi relasional, operasional, dan fisiologis.
Keterbatasan penelitian – Desain single-site, sampel purposif yang kecil, dan jangka observasi tiga bulan membatasi transferabilitas. Posisi peneliti sebagai pelanggan berpotensi menimbulkan sympathy bias yang dimitigasi melalui praktik refleksivitas, tetapi tidak sepenuhnya tereliminasi.
Implikasi – Temuan ini memberi masukan bagi manajemen kafe 24 jam terkait desain shift, pengakuan terhadap praktik koping informal, serta sifat ganda budaya hospitality sebagai job resource sekaligus beban emosional.
Kebaruan – Penelitian ini merupakan salah satu studi etnografi terfokus pertama tentang koping kolektif dalam konteks kafe 24 jam di Indonesia, memperluas kerangka Job Demands–Resources dan Conservation of Resources dengan menunjukkan bagaimana koping terbentuk secara sosial dalam kerja jasa berkecepatan tinggi.
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